Motivation to Seminar 9744
Multiple Valued Logic
October 27-31, 1997
Schloss Dagstuhl, Wadern, Germany
We intend to bring together researchers covering the full spectrum of work done in many-valued
logics, ranging from mathematical foundations to computational issues and studies of real appli
cations. The invited participants will be asked to present talks on one of the following four major
topics:
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Enhancement of the theoretical basis
Despite its long tradition, work on foundational issues in many-valued logics still spawns new
and thrilling problems and results. The computational properties of these logics are still not
completely understood. In particular the investigations into normal forms pose a remarkable
challenge with respect of the required mathematical tools. Also the algebraic and relational
representation of many valued logics needs further clarification. But probably the most inter
esting issue is the exact relationship both in theory and in implementations between fuzzy
logic, using infinitely many truth values, and its finitely valued approximation. Progress in this
topic may also have a substantial impact on applications.
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Automated deduction: theory and tools
Previous research already showed that many valued reasoning may in principle be mecha
nized. Recently, inference systems geared towards machine implementation emerged and
have already been realized in experimental automated reasoning programs. To name just
two of the more recent approaches we mention labelled deductive systems and inference
methods based on linear and integer programming.
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Modelling of and reasoning on incomplete and uncertain knowledge
Many-valued calculi are often encountered, for instance, in possibility theory and possibilistic
logic. They provide a natural framework for manipulating orderings between preferred inter
pretations, or more or less entrenched propositions in nonmonotonic reasoning. Still another
example is given by conditional objects which are symbolic counterparts of conditional prob
abilities and are 3-valued logical entities. Besides, truth-functional fuzzy logic has proved to
be useful for modelling interpolative reasoning, as used in fuzzy control applications for in
stance.
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Applications
The main thrust in applying many valued logics lies in fuzzy logic applications for intelligent
and adaptive control systems and has already been incorporated into some innovative indus
trial products. The current situation is characterized by:
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developing an application culture using existing tools and methodologies,
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establishing tool kits as a core technology platform for industry,
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exploring further improvements and extensions of fuzzy logic technologies, e.g. in combi
nation with neural computing to mention just one example.
Connections between modal and many valued logics also show fruitful results in modelling
and reasoning about intelligent multi-agent systems.
A very interesting approach, finally, is the application of three valued logic to adaptive error-
correcting communication, where the third truth value, besides true and false, designates the
possibility of a transmission error.
A great number of the expected participants of this seminar are members of the COST action #
15 on ,Computer Applications of Many-Valued Logics". The Dagstuhl seminar will constitute the
annual COST workshop conference and will offer the opportunity to present the work done within
this action to a worldwide audience.